Enabling dynamic modelling of coastal flooding by defining storm tide hydrographs

Abstract. Coastal flooding is driven by the combination of (high) tide and storm surge, latter being caused strong winds low pressure in tropical extratropical cyclones. The surge astronomical defined as tide. To gain an understanding threat posed coastal to identify areas that are especially at risk, now future, it crucial accurately model inundation. Most models used simulate inundation scale follow a simple planar approach, referred bathtub models. main limitations this type they implicitly assume infinite flood duration, do not capture relevant physical processes. In study we develop method generate hydrographs called HGRAPHER, provide global dataset based on time series surges tides derived from Global Tide Surge Model (GTSM) forced with ERA5 reanalysis wind fields. These represent typical shape extreme certain location along coastline. We test sensitivity HGRAPHER respect two assumptions determine hydrograph, namely event sampling threshold coincidence maxima. hydrograph can be move away modelling techniques towards dynamic across different spatial scales.